跳转至

安装Docker

Docker的安装非常简单，apt-get/yum两分钟就好，Windows上的Docker更加简单，他还附带了Kubernetes。为节约篇幅，本文只讨论在ubuntu系统下的安装。如果你在（其他系统上）安装时遇到任何问题，欢迎留言。

由于我们会用到nvidia-docker2，所以这里同时也有nvidia-docker2的安装内容。如果你不需要在容器当中使用Nvidia GPU，那么可以直接跳过相关内容。

Text Only
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
# 安装依赖
apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg2 \
    software-properties-common

# 添加Docker仓库
# 有的教程说kubernetes不支持Docker-CE，只支持Docker-IO，相信我，他在胡扯。
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
add-apt-repository \
    "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
    $(lsb_release -cs) \
    stable"

# 更新仓库
apt-get update
# 安装Docker
apt-get install docker-ce

# 如果你不需要在容器当中使用Nvidia GPU，以下步骤无需执行
# 添加nvidia-docker2仓库
# 由于nvidia-docker2是通过Docker安装的，所以需要在完成Docker的安装之后再安装nvidia-docker2
docker volume ls -q -f driver=nvidia-docker | xargs -r -I{} -n1 docker ps -q -a -f volume={} | xargs -r docker rm -f
curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/gpgkey | \
apt-key add -
distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID)
curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/$distribution/nvidia-docker.list | \
    tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-docker.list

# 安装nvidia-docker2
apt-get install nvidia-docker2
pkill -SIGHUP dockerd

将nvidia-docker2修改为docker的默认运行时环境

如果你不需要在容器当中使用Nvidia GPU，以下步骤无需执行

Text Only
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
    {
        "default-runtime": "nvidia",
        "runtimes": {
            "nvidia": {
                "path": "/usr/bin/nvidia-container-runtime",
                "runtimeArgs": []
            }
        }
    }
sudo service docker restart

至此，Docker已经成功在您的机器上安装，运行

Text Only
1
docker run hello-world

测试结果。

Docker可能会提示没有找到这个镜像。这没有关系，他很快就会自动拉取。几十秒后，你将看到如下内容：

Text Only
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/


$ docker images hello-world
REPOSITORY   TAG     IMAGE ID      SIZE
hello-world  latest  fce289e99eb9  1.84kB

在下一篇文章当中，我们将会讨论Docker的命令行接口（Command Line Interface）